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How to produce mushrooms?

1/10/2023 12:46:26 PM
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How to produce mushrooms?

Mushroom production requires knowledge and training in this field. First, let's have a definition of mushroom and define the conditions in which mushroom can be grown.

 

What is a mushroom?
A mushroom is an organism that does not have any photosynthetic organs, it does not have stems or leaves; Therefore, they are not plants, and on the other hand, they are not similar to animals in terms of structure, and they are much simpler than plants and animals; Therefore, mushrooms are classified in a separate category. By living on dead organic matter, the button mushroom obtains the food it needs, which we call compost.

 

What is compost?
Compost is a mixture of animal and plant remains. The reason for the necessity of these two substances in compost is that due to the activity of microorganisms, minerals, carbohydrates and proteins that are inside these residues, become absorbable for the fungus and the fungus can feed on it.

The five main ingredients in making compost are water, straw and stubble, chicken manure, nitrogen, and gypsum, and the ratio of using these raw materials in different composting formulas may be different.

 

Designing the mushroom cultivation hall:
Most button mushroom breeding halls in Iran have concrete walls and mosaic floors. But for industrial units, sandwich panel walls are used which are insulated.

For the roof of the halls, they use plates, block beams or blocks with foam. Usually, the dimensions of the halls are considered to be (18-21) x 6 meters with a height of 4.5 meters, which varies in different units. In the hall, there is a gentle slope of one centimeter from the beginning of the hall to the end and  from the sides to the middle of the hall for 2 centimeters to prevent water accumulation when washing the floor.

Shelving of the mushroom breeding hall:

It is customary to use 140 cm and 160 cm widths in our country. With the 140 cm size, it is easier for the worker in the hall, but they often use the 160 cm size to increase the cultivated area. Of course, according to the width of the hall and the limit ations of each place, it should be designed separately.

The distance between the floors is 65 to 70 cm, so that the work of the workers is easier, and the difference of about 20 cm from the floor of the first floor is necessary for washing and cleaning at the end of each work stage.

In mushroom production, the type of shelving is different depending on the amount of money that is considered for it; Construction profile structure with black iron, pipe and industrial profile can be considered for shelving.

Usually, the pipe structure is used due to the relatively reasonable cost compared to other methods, endurance and resistance compared to other methods due to the type of structure and also much more malleability.

 

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